While most babies born in 1990 did not live beyond 50 years old, life expectancy around the world has increased steadily. The improvements in sanitation, housing and education, cause a steady decline in early and mid-life mortality that is due mainly to infection. The dramatic advances in health care also plays a role in making people live longer.
According to a report released on October 8, 2014 from the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), American life expectancy has reached a new high. A baby born in the United States in 2012 can expect to live 78.8 years (from 78.7) on average.
By comparing final mortality data on deaths and death rates from 2012 with that of 2011, the researchers investigated age-adjusted death rates by ethnicity and sex, the 10 leading causes of death. The 10 leading causes of death are heart disease, cancer, chronic lower respiratory diseases, stroke, unintentional injuries, Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, influenza and pneumonia, kidney disease and suicide.
It is expected that women can live till 81.2 years old whereas men till 76.4 years old. Despite relatively small changes in mortality from one year to the next, there is no doubt that the mortality rate is declining over the long-term. The rise in life expectancy was attributed to a reduction in many major causes of death including cancer, heart disease and stroke.
Age-adjusted death rate was found to decline in 8 of the 10 leading causes of death in 2011-12: 8.3 percent for Influenza and pneumonia, 2.2 percent for kidney disease, 1.8 percent for heart disease, 1.5 percent for cancer, 2.4 percent for chronic lower respiratory disease, 2.6 percent for stroke, 3.6 percent for Alzheimer's, and 1.9 percent for diabetes. The death rates for suicide, on the other hand, increased by 2.4 percent, while the death rates for unintentional injuries remained the same in 2012 as in 2011.
Mortality rates of infant were also found to decline. Comparing to 2011, there was a 1.5 percent reduction in 2012. The infant mortality rate is generally regarded as a good indicator of the overall health of a population. The 10 leading causes of infant death in 2012 were the same as reported in 2011 and accounted for 69.8 percent of all infant deaths in the United States. Besides a 12 percent decline in deaths from sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), there were no significant changes found in the remaining 9 leading causes of infant death.
The WHO (World Health Organization) already reported on May 15, 2014 that the average girl born in 2012 can expect to live to the age of 72, and the average boy to 68. People around the world are living longer, and the average life expectancy has gone up by 6 years since 1990.
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